Metathesis transformations of natural products: cross-metathesis of natural rubber and mandarin oil by Ru-alkylidene catalysts

Molecules. 2012 May 18;17(5):6001-10. doi: 10.3390/molecules17056001.

Abstract

This study reports on the degradation of natural rubber (NR) via crossmetathesis with mandarin oil and d-limonene, an abundant compound in essential oils; that were used as chain transfer agents (CTAs) and green solvents. Reactions were performed in the presence of the ruthenium-alkylidene catalysts (PCy₃)₂(Cl)₂Ru=CHPh (I) and (1,3-dimesityl-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene) (PCy₃)Cl₂Ru=CHPh (II), respectively. Catalyst II bears an N-heterocyclic carbene ligand (NHC) bounded to the ruthenium atom, which has a strong basic character; therefore it is more active toward trisubstituted olefins in comparison with catalyst I. In both cases, isolated monoterpene-terminated isoprene oligomers were obtained as products of the cross-metathesis degradation of NR. In the presence of catalyst II molecular weight values around M(n) × 10² and yields of 80% were obtained; whereas with catalyst I, the molecular weights of products were about M(n) × 10⁴ with yields ranging 70 to 74%. The composition and yield of NR degradation products were determined by GC/MS (EI) analysis and it was found that the oligomers obtained have primarily one vinyl group and one terpene-monocyclic group at the chain end, with isoprene units A(m) = 2, 3 y 4.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Catalysis
  • Citrus / chemistry
  • Cyclohexenes / chemistry*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Limonene
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Plant Oils / chemistry*
  • Rubber / chemistry*
  • Ruthenium / chemistry*
  • Terpenes / chemistry*

Substances

  • Cyclohexenes
  • Plant Oils
  • Terpenes
  • Ruthenium
  • Rubber
  • Limonene