Background: The role of surgery in the intensive care unit (ICU) remains unclear. Although previous studies have not shown any increase in morbidity when operating on patients in the ICU for surgical procedures; there remains a reluctance to operate on sick patients in the ICU.
Aim: We did a retrospective study of critically ill children and neonates who underwent in-situ surgery (ISS) to further evaluate its safety and potential. Surgery was aided with the use of operative loupes and high-intensity headlight.
Methods: The medical records of all patients who had undergone surgical procedures in the pediatric ICU over an 11-year period from January 1998 till December 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. We reviewed our experience looking specifically at wound infection rates along with other morbidities in 543 patients.
Results: Our morbidities were comparable with that of operations performed in the operating theater, with low wound infection rates (1%) for all surgeries undertaken in the pediatric ICU.
Conclusion: ISS avoids the risks of transfer to the operative theater and the potential delays in theater access. Our results suggest that ISS in a tertiary-level pediatric surgical hospital is safe and does not impact adversely on clinical outcome.