Left kidney cancer grossly extending into left-sided inferior vena cava of duplicated inferior vena cava

Abstract

The left radical nephrectomy with tumor thrombectomy in the presence of a duplicated inferior vena cava is of high surgical risk because the venous tumor thrombus renders the anomalous venous structures dilated and tortuous, making injury more likely. We present a case of a left kidney cancer grossly extending into the left side of a duplicated inferior vena cava. What is more important is to bring such an aberrant vascular anatomy with tumor thrombus to the attention of urologists with high-resolution pictorial illustrations.