Quality of life and social determinants of anxiolytics and hypnotics use in women in Poland: a population-based study

Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2013 May;59(3):296-300. doi: 10.1177/0020764012440676. Epub 2012 Apr 9.

Abstract

Background: The majority of studies show a substantially higher consumption of anxiolytics and antidepressants among women than among men and in the age bracket above 45 years.

Aims: To analyse association between the use of hypnotics/anxiolytics, and various characteristics of Polish women, including health-related quality of life.

Method: One thousand, five hundred and sixty (1,560) women aged 45-60 years completed a questionnaire dealing with the use of hypnotics/anxiolytics, demographic characteristics, environmental and work stress exposure, and self-reported quality of life (SF-36 form).

Results: The following variables were revealed as the predictors of hypnotic/anxiolytic use on univariate analysis: age; social pension; stress at work and environmental stress; hormone replacement therapy; headache; palpitations; mood swings or increased muscular tension; anger; duration of symptoms longer than one week; consulting a specialist; and low physical and mental health-related quality of life. The significant protective factors included: vocational and tertiary education; job satisfaction; and home as place of rest. The independent predictors of anxiolytic/hypnotic use included consulting a specialist and symptoms lasting more than one week, while job satisfaction and home as place of rest were the independent protective factors.

Conclusions: The use of hypnotic/anxiolytic medication is strongly associated with environmental and psychosocial characteristics of women between 40 and 65 years of age.

MeSH terms

  • Age Distribution
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives / therapeutic use*
  • Job Satisfaction
  • Mental Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Mental Disorders / psychology
  • Middle Aged
  • Poland
  • Quality of Life / psychology*
  • Social Environment*
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Stress, Psychological / drug therapy
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Work / psychology

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives