Bacterial vaginosis is a frequently encountered infection nowadays. Evidence based data suggest, that it can cause serious co-morbidity with HIV and HPV infection, as also postoperative complications, sterility, miscarriage and preterm delivery. Prophylactic immunization with Gynevac, a Hungarian patented vaccine with 5 inactivated strains of Lactobacilli might be a good alternative for prevention of the abovementioned complications.