Right-sided infective endocarditis: surgical management

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2012 Sep;42(3):470-9. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezs084. Epub 2012 Mar 16.

Abstract

Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) accounts for 5-10% of all cases of infective endocarditis and is predominantly encountered among injecting drug users (IDUs). RSIE diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion as respiratory symptoms predominate. Prognosis of isolated RSIE is favourable, and most cases (70-80%) resolve following antibiotic administration. Surgical intervention is indicated in patients with persistent infection that does not respond to antibiotic therapy, recurrent pulmonary emboli, intractable heart failure and if the size of a vegetation increases or persists at >1 cm. Techniques can be divided into 'prosthetic' (valve replacement or prosthetic annular implantation) or 'non-prosthetic' ones (Kay's or De Vega's annuloplasty, bicuspidalization or valvectomy). In IDUs who run a high risk of complications, vegetectomy and valve repair, avoiding artificial material should be considered as the first line of surgical management as is associated with better late survival.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / mortality
  • Echocardiography, Doppler
  • Education, Medical, Continuing
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / diagnostic imaging
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / etiology
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / mortality
  • Endocarditis, Bacterial / surgery*
  • Female
  • Heart Atria / physiopathology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Valve Diseases / microbiology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / surgery*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / methods*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis
  • Pulmonary Valve / physiopathology
  • Pulmonary Valve / surgery
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Substance Abuse, Intravenous / complications
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tricuspid Valve / physiopathology
  • Tricuspid Valve / surgery*
  • Young Adult