Molecular imaging is devoted to the discovery and application of specific biological imaging approaches that complement traditional anatomical imaging. This field continues to witness impressive growth, particularly in the study of oncology, neurology, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Interest in molecular imaging technologies stems from its great potential, not only to heighten our understanding and diagnostic capability of common CVD scenarios, but also to offer the prospect of personalized treatment and early monitoring of therapeutic response. Targeted imaging reporters are now spawning the development of combined diagnostic and therapeutic agents that can deliver therapy to individual cells in affected tissues. Recently, diagnostic imaging probes for myocardial infarction (MI), stem cell tracking, and atherosclerotic vascular disease have demonstrated significant advances in preclinical research and development (also see the Online Appendix). Clinical molecular imaging studies have further expanded into the areas of aortic dissection and aneurysm disease, and have provided new insights into aspects of heart failure and transplant medicine. In this review, we highlight outstanding CVD molecular imaging studies published over the past year. A summary of important clinical and preclinical imaging agents and applications is provided in Table 1.