The course and treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is adversely affected by numerous metabolic disarrangements, comorbid states and general diseases, i.e. hyperphosphatemia and metabolic bone disease, chronic inflammation, accelerated atherosclerosis (partly of infectious etiology) and devastating cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, CKD patients are usually afflicted by multiple oral abnormalities, including troublesome oral dryness and the very aggressive form of periodontal disease. The use of chitosan-containing chewing gum in CKD subjects seems to offer a novel therapeutic approach of interdisciplinary importance: the chitosan binds salivary phosphates and, when swallowed, likely phosphates in the alimentary tract, thus beneficially lowering blood phosphate levels, while the gum itself increases impaired salivary flow and has a potent oral antimicrobial activity. Thus, it effectively improves general oral hygiene and prevents progression of periodontal disease being (besides of hyperphosphatemia) one of the established causes of atherosclerosis development/progression. The undemanding maneuver of chewing the chitosan-containing, phosphate-binding gum has a potential to diminish excessive morbidity in CKD patients.