Objective: To assess the effects of 1-step method of changing the buccal position of the transported bone after distraction on early bone formation.
Methods: The custom-made bidirectional distraction devices were used. Total of 8 adult mongrel dogs were procured. The bilaterally mandible premolars were extracted. After 1 month, the complete osteotomy was performed and the devices were placed. The gradual distraction was started after 1 week latency at the rate of 1 mm per day, total 6 mm in height was achieved. The 1-step method of changing the buccal position of the transported bone was performed the day after the vertical distraction period in one side of the animals, and the other side as the controlled side. All animals were killed after a 7 days consolidation. The vascular system was stained post mortem carbon ink perfusion to assess possible damages. Quantitative evaluations of bone density were performed with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), analysis of the ratio of vascular square was conducted in a computer.
Results: All animals tolerated the procedures well. After vertical distraction, the tested side can be moved 3 mm in buccal direction. DEXA examination showed that the density of the distracted bone was no statistical difference in both the tested and the controlled side. Vascular damage was not observed, and there was no statistical difference in the ratio of vascular square by analyzing the histological section in computer.
Conclusion: In some extent, 1-step method of changing the buccal position of the transported bone after distraction can mold the regenerate bone to correct the axial displacement, without endangering early callus formation and vascularization.