To observe the effects of minimally invasive procedures for the evacuation of intracerebral hematomas on perihematomal ET-1 expression and their correlation with blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Forty-five rabbits (2.8-3.4 kg body weight) were randomly divided into a normal control group (NC group, 15 rabbits), a model control group (MC group, 15 rabbits) and a minimally invasive group (MI group, 15 rabbits). A model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was prepared in the MC and MI groups by infusing autologous arterial blood into the rabbits' brains; the same procedure was also performed in the NC group but without infusing blood into the rabbits' brains. The intracerebral hematomas were evacuated by a stereotactic procedure in the minimally invasive group 6 h after the model was established. The neurological functions, ET-1 expression and the perihematomal BBB permeability were determined and analyzed in all of the animals. The number of endothelial cells with ET-1-positive expression and the perihematomal BBB permeability significantly increased 1, 3, and 7 days after the ICH model was prepared successfully, as compared to the NC group. In the MI group, however, both measurements decreased markedly compared with the MC group at the same time point. A positive correlation between the number of endothelial cells with ET-1-positive expression and BBB permeability was observed. Increased BBB permeability might be associated with perihematomal ET-1 levels. Minimally invasive procedures for the evacuation of intracerebral hematomas could significantly decrease BBB permeability in perihematomal brain tissues, likely by reducing the production of ET-1.