Chemopreventive effects of free and bound phenolics associated to steep waters (nejayote) obtained after nixtamalization of different maize types

Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2012 Mar;67(1):94-9. doi: 10.1007/s11130-011-0272-y.

Abstract

Free and bound phenolics extracts from nejayote solids were obtained after optimally lime-cooking blue, normal white, red, normal yellow, high-carotenoid and quality protein maize types. The extraction yield ranged from 4.47 to 10.05%. Bound phenolics extracts had higher content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and ferulic acid compared to the free phenolics extracts. In general, free phenolics extracts were less cytotoxic than the bound phenolics counterparts. Bound phenolics extracts had higher induction of quinone reductase (QR) and particularly the normal yellow nejayote exerted the highest chemopreventive index tested in Hepa1c1c7 cells. When tested for monofunctional phase 2 induction capacity in BPrc1 cells, the bound phenolics extracts of blue, normal white and quality protein nejayotes were better inducers than the normal yellow counterpart. Particularly, the free phenolics extract of the white maize nejayote induced BPrc1 cells QR and exerted a higher chemopreventive index compared to the bound phenolics extract. Therefore, the nejayote of the normal white maize was the best source of monofunctional phase 2 enzyme inducers.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anthocyanins / analysis
  • Antioxidants / isolation & purification
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cooking
  • Coumaric Acids / analysis
  • Digestion
  • Flour
  • Food Handling
  • Genotype
  • Mice
  • NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / metabolism
  • Phenols / isolation & purification
  • Phenols / pharmacology*
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry*
  • Wastewater / chemistry*
  • Water
  • Zea mays / chemistry*
  • Zea mays / classification
  • Zea mays / genetics

Substances

  • Anthocyanins
  • Antioxidants
  • Coumaric Acids
  • Phenols
  • Plant Extracts
  • Waste Water
  • Water
  • ferulic acid
  • NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)