The dynamic succession of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) community during the agricultural waste composting was investigated using the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The changes of pile temperature, pH, moisture content, soluble NH4(+) -N and NO3(-)-N were measured. DGGE results showed that the Shannon-Weaver index changed from 2.58 to 2.02 during the composting process, which reflected the diversity trends downward overall. Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas were dominant species. Nitrosomonas eutropha,which was found throughout the whole composting process, was identified as a kind of well-tolerated species. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was applied to explore the correlation between the dynamic succession of AOB community and composting physic-chemical parameters. Compared with the slight change referring to its structure during the earlier phase of thermophilic period (4-9 d), the AOB community experienced a more significant change during the later phase of thermophilic period (9-12 d) as well as the following temperature falling phase (12-25 d). Significant relationships have been found between pile temperature, soluble NH4(+) -N (P < 0.01) and NO3(-)-N (P < 0.05) with the dynamic succession of AOB community, which suggested those three parameters were likely to influence, or be influenced by AOB during the agricultural waste composting.