Precursors to social and communication difficulties in infants at-risk for autism: gaze following and attentional engagement

J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Oct;42(10):2208-18. doi: 10.1007/s10803-012-1450-y.

Abstract

Whilst joint attention (JA) impairments in autism have been widely studied, little is known about the early development of gaze following, a precursor to establishing JA. We employed eye-tracking to record gaze following longitudinally in infants with and without a family history of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at 7 and 13 months. No group difference was found between at-risk and low-risk infants in gaze following behaviour at either age. However, despite following gaze successfully at 13 months, at-risk infants with later emerging socio-communication difficulties (both those with ASD and atypical development at 36 months of age) allocated less attention to the congruent object compared to typically developing at-risk siblings and low-risk controls. The findings suggest that the subtle emergence of difficulties in JA in infancy may be related to ASD and other atypical outcomes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Attention*
  • Autistic Disorder / psychology*
  • Child, Preschool
  • Communication
  • Eye Movements*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Siblings*
  • Social Behavior