Literature data on the influence of complexing compound ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) on environmental and ecological risks related with its application were analyzed and summarized. Methods of abiotic and biotic degradation of EDTA were systemized. Special attention was paid to microbiological degradation of EDTA was paid. Data on EDTA transport and metabolism pathways in aerobic bacteria are represented. The practical aspects of application of aerobic bacteria-destructors of EDTA in ecobiotechnology were discussed.