Thiazolidione derivatives targeting the histidine kinase YycG are effective against both planktonic and biofilm-associated Staphylococcus epidermidis

Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2012 Mar;33(3):418-25. doi: 10.1038/aps.2011.166. Epub 2012 Jan 9.

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the efficacies of six derivatives of Compound 2, a novel YycG histidine kinase inhibitor with the thiazolidione core structure in the treatment of medical device-related biofilm infections.

Methods: The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the derivatives was determined using the macrodilution broth method, and the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was obtained via sub-culturing 100 μL from each negative tube from the MIC assay onto drug-free Mueller-Hinton agar plates. Biofilm-killing effect for immature (6 h-old) biofilms was examined using a semiquantitative plate assay, and the effect on mature (24 h-old) biofilms was observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Results: The derivatives potently suppressed the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The MIC values of the derivatives H2-10, H2-12, H2-20, H2-29, H2-27, and H2-28 on S epidermidis ATCC 35984 were 24.3, 6.5, 6.2, 3.3, 3.1, and 1.5 μg/mL, respectively. The MBC values of these derivatives were 48.6, 52.2, 12.4, 52.6, 12.4, and 6.2 μg/mL, respectively. The derivatives killed all bacteria in immature (6 h-old) biofilms and eliminated the biofilm proliferation. The derivatives also displayed strong bactericidal activities toward cells in mature (24 h-old) biofilms, whereas they showed low cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity toward Vero cells and human erythrocytes.

Conclusion: The bactericidal and biofilm-killing activities of the new anti-YycG compounds were significantly better than the parent Compound 2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Histidine Kinase
  • Plankton / drug effects*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy
  • Staphylococcal Infections / metabolism
  • Staphylococcus epidermidis / drug effects*
  • Staphylococcus epidermidis / metabolism
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Thiazoles
  • Protein Kinases
  • Histidine Kinase
  • YycG protein, Staphylococcus epidermidis