Ultrasound-assisted aza-Michael reaction in water: a green procedure

Ultrason Sonochem. 2012 Jul;19(4):969-73. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2011.11.009. Epub 2011 Dec 4.

Abstract

The conjugate addition of amines to conjugated alkenes (commonly known as aza-Michael reaction) constitutes a key step for the synthesis of various complex natural products, antibiotics, α-amino alcohols and chiral auxiliaries. Ultrasound-induced addition of several amines to α, β-unsaturated ketones, esters and nitriles has been carried out very efficiently in water as well as under solvent-free conditions. No catalysts or solid supports have been used in this method. Remarkable enhancement of reaction rate has been observed in water under ultrasound-induced method. This environmentally benign procedure has provided clean formation of the products with better selectivity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Amines / chemical synthesis*
  • Amines / chemistry
  • Esters / chemistry
  • Green Chemistry Technology / methods*
  • Ketones / chemistry
  • Molecular Structure
  • Nitriles / chemistry
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Sonication*
  • Water / chemistry*

Substances

  • Amines
  • Esters
  • Ketones
  • Nitriles
  • Solvents
  • Water