The study presents the results of analysis of blood culture examination carried out in Specialistyczny Zespół Chorób Płuc i Gruźlicy in Bystra in 2008-2010. Contamination incidence and number of blood samples taken from individual patients make it possible to assess if the procedure for taking material for microbiological examination is carried out. The analysis of positive test results allows for the evaluation of epidemiological condition of the hospital and it is also largely dependent on the specificity of a health centre. Because of a growing incidence of infections with opportunistic pathogens, the growth of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus sp., viridans streptococci and Corynebacterium sp. in blood samples requires extensive assessment of clinical state and analysis of laboratory examination in order to distinguish between infections and sample contamination.