Click modification in the N6 region of A3 adenosine receptor-selective carbocyclic nucleosides for dendrimeric tethering that preserves pharmacophore recognition

Bioconjug Chem. 2012 Feb 15;23(2):232-47. doi: 10.1021/bc200526c. Epub 2012 Jan 11.

Abstract

Adenosine derivatives were modified with alkynyl groups on N(6) substituents for linkage to carriers using Cu(I)-catalyzed click chemistry. Two parallel series, both containing a rigid North-methanocarba (bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane) ring system in place of ribose, behaved as A(3) adenosine receptor (AR) agonists: (5'-methyluronamides) or partial agonists (4'-truncated). Terminal alkynyl groups on a chain at the 3 position of a N(6)-benzyl group or simply through a N(6)-propargyl group were coupled to azido derivatives, which included both small molecules and G4 (fourth-generation) multivalent poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers, to form 1,2,3-triazolyl linkers. The small molecular triazoles probed the tolerance in A(3)AR binding of distal, sterically bulky groups such as 1-adamantyl. Terminal 4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl groups anticipated nucleophilic substitution for chain extension and (18)F radiolabeling. N(6)-(4-Fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)-triazolylmethyl derivative 32 displayed a K(i) of 9.1 nM at A(3)AR with ∼1000-fold subtype selectivity. Multivalent conjugates additionally containing click-linked water-solubilizing polyethylene glycol groups potently activated A(3)AR in the 5'-methyluronamide, but not 4' truncated series. N(6)-Benzyl nucleoside conjugate 43 (apparent K(i) 24 nM) maintained binding affinity of the monomer better than a N(6)-triazolylmethyl derivative. Thus, the N(6) region of 5'-methyluronamide derivatives, as modeled in receptor docking, is suitable for functionalization and tethering by click chemistry to achieve high A(3)AR agonist affinity and enhanced selectivity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenosine / chemistry
  • Adenosine / pharmacology
  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists / chemistry
  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists / pharmacology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Click Chemistry
  • Dendrimers / chemistry*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Models, Molecular
  • Nucleosides / chemistry*
  • Polyamines / chemistry*
  • Receptor, Adenosine A3 / chemistry*
  • Recombinant Proteins / agonists
  • Recombinant Proteins / chemistry
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists
  • Dendrimers
  • Ligands
  • Nucleosides
  • Poly(amidoamine)
  • Polyamines
  • Receptor, Adenosine A3
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Adenosine