Antifungal activity of resveratrol against Botrytis cinerea is improved using 2-furyl derivatives

PLoS One. 2011;6(10):e25421. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025421. Epub 2011 Oct 11.

Abstract

The antifungal effect of three furyl compounds closely related to resveratrol, (E)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (1), (E)-4-methoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (2) and (E)-3,5-dimethoxy-β-(2-furyl)-styrene (3) against Botrytis cinerea was analyzed. The inhibitory effect, at 100 µg ml(-1) of compounds 1, 2, 3 and resveratrol on conidia germination, was determined to be about 70%, while at the same concentration pterostilbene (a dimethoxyl derivative of resveratrol) produced complete inhibition. The title compounds were more fungitoxic towards in vitro mycelial growth than resveratrol and pterostilbene. Compound 3 was the most active and a potential explanation of this feature is given using density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the demethoxylation/demethylation process. Compound 3 was further evaluated for its effects on laccase production, oxygen consumption and membrane integrity of B. cinerea. An increase of the laccase activity was observed in the presence of compound 3 and, using Sytox Green nucleic acid stain, it was demonstrated that this compound altered B. cinerea membrane. Finally, compound 3 partially affected conidia respiration.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents / chemistry
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Botrytis / drug effects*
  • Botrytis / enzymology
  • Botrytis / growth & development
  • Cell Membrane / drug effects
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Cytoplasm / drug effects
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Electron Transport / drug effects
  • Furans / chemistry
  • Furans / pharmacology*
  • Laccase / biosynthesis
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Mycelium / drug effects
  • Mycelium / growth & development
  • Oxygen Consumption / drug effects
  • Resveratrol
  • Spores, Fungal / drug effects
  • Spores, Fungal / growth & development
  • Stilbenes / chemistry
  • Stilbenes / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Furans
  • Stilbenes
  • Laccase
  • Resveratrol