Antibiotic allergy

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2011 Jul-Sep;24(3 Suppl):S47-53. doi: 10.1177/03946320110240s307.

Abstract

Antibiotics are commonly injected during the perioperative period and are responsible of 15 percent of the anaphylactic reactions. Anaphylaxis triggered by antibiotics primarily involves penicillin and cephalosporin. The management of patients with histories of allergic reactions to antibiotics is a common situation in clinical practice. The confirmation or invalidation of the allergic nature of the reported reaction is not based on in vitro tests, but on a rigorous allergological work-up based on detailed analysis of clinical history, skin tests and drug provocation test. Considering a possible cross-reactivity between penicillins, once an immediate penicillin allergy has been diagnosed, skin testing with the alternative molecule (cephalosporin, carbapenem, aztreonam) is mandatory and, if negative, the relevant drug should be given in an appropriate setting at increasing doses.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / classification
  • Cross Reactions
  • Desensitization, Immunologic
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / classification
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / diagnosis
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / immunology*
  • Drug Hypersensitivity / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Perioperative Period*
  • Skin Tests

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents