Sequential cation exchange in nanocrystals: preservation of crystal phase and formation of metastable phases

Nano Lett. 2011 Nov 9;11(11):4964-70. doi: 10.1021/nl202927a. Epub 2011 Sep 30.

Abstract

We demonstrate that it is possible to convert CdSe nanocrystals of a given size, shape (either spherical or rod shaped), and crystal structure (either hexagonal wurtzite, i.e., hexagonal close packed (hcp), or cubic sphalerite, i.e., face-centered cubic (fcc)), into ZnSe nanocrystals that preserve all these characteristics of the starting particles (i.e., size, shape, and crystal structure), via a sequence of two cation exchange reactions, namely, Cd(2+) ⇒Cu(+) ⇒Zn(2+). When starting from hexagonal wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals, the exchange of Cd(2+) with Cu(+) yields Cu(2)Se nanocrystals in a metastable hexagonal phase, of which we could follow the transformation to the more stable fcc phase for a single nanorod, under the electron microscope. Remarkably, these metastable hcp Cu(2)Se nanocrystals can be converted in solution into ZnSe nanocrystals, which yields ZnSe nanocrystals in a pure hcp phase.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cadmium Compounds / chemistry*
  • Cations
  • Materials Testing
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Nanostructures / chemistry*
  • Nanostructures / ultrastructure*
  • Particle Size
  • Phase Transition
  • Selenium Compounds / chemistry*

Substances

  • Cadmium Compounds
  • Cations
  • Selenium Compounds
  • cadmium selenide