From hypertension to stroke: mechanisms and potential prevention strategies

CNS Neurosci Ther. 2011 Oct;17(5):577-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2011.00264.x.

Abstract

Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. Prevention aimed at risk factors of stroke is the most effective strategy to curb the stroke pandemic. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for stroke. Despite the substantial evidence of the benefits of lowering blood pressure, conventional treatment does not normalize the burden of major cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. Fully understanding the factors involved in the hypertension-induced stroke helps to develop new strategies for stroke prevention. Antihypertensive therapies selected should have positive blood pressure-independent effects on stroke risk. This review summarizes the factors involved in the hypertension-induced stroke, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and arterial baroreflex dysfunction, and potential strategies for its prevention, therefore, provides clues for clinicians.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antihypertensive Agents / pharmacology
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Blood Pressure / physiology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / complications*
  • Hypertension / metabolism
  • Hypertension / therapy*
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
  • Neuroprotective Agents / therapeutic use
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / etiology*
  • Stroke / metabolism
  • Stroke / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Neuroprotective Agents