Abstract
Peanut skin contains large amounts of polyphenols having antiallergic effects. We found that a peanut-skin extract (PSE) inhibits the degranulation induced by antigen stimulation of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. A low-molecular-weight fraction from PSE, PSEL, also had inhibitory activity against allergic degranulation. A main polyphenol in PSEL was purified by gel chromatography and fractionated by YMC-gel ODS-AQ 120S50 column. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) analysis of the purified polyphenol gave m/z 599 [M+Na]⁺. Based on the results of ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR spectra, and optical rotation analysis, the polyphenol was identified as procyanidin A1. It inhibited the degranulation caused by antigen stimulation at the IC₅₀ of 20.3 µM. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and 2,5,-di(tert-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (DTBHQ)-induced processes of degranulation were also inhibited by procyanidin A1. These results indicate that peanut-skin procyanidin A1 inhibits degranulation downstream of protein kinase C activation or Ca²⁺ influx from an internal store in RBL-2H3 cells.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Allergic Agents / chemistry
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Anti-Allergic Agents / pharmacology*
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Anti-Allergic Agents / therapeutic use
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Arachis / chemistry*
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Calcium / metabolism
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Catechin / chemistry
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Catechin / pharmacology*
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Catechin / therapeutic use
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Cell Degranulation / drug effects*
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Cell Degranulation / immunology
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Hydroquinones / antagonists & inhibitors
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Hydroquinones / pharmacology
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Hypersensitivity / drug therapy
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Hypersensitivity / immunology
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Hypersensitivity / prevention & control*
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Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute / immunology
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Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute / metabolism
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Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute / pathology
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Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Plant Extracts / chemistry
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Plant Extracts / therapeutic use
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Polyphenols / chemistry
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Polyphenols / pharmacology*
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Polyphenols / therapeutic use
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Proanthocyanidins / chemistry
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Proanthocyanidins / pharmacology*
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Proanthocyanidins / therapeutic use
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Rats
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Seeds / chemistry
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Signal Transduction / drug effects*
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Signal Transduction / immunology
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Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / antagonists & inhibitors
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Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / pharmacology
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beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases / analysis
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beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Allergic Agents
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Hydroquinones
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Plant Extracts
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Polyphenols
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Proanthocyanidins
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procyanidin A1
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2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone
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Catechin
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beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases
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Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
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Calcium