In this review, the pathways involving small RNAs are provided followed by a new and updated network that illustrates their interplay with diverse cellular mechanisms in Caenorhabditis elegans. The RNA silencing pathways are now recognized as key factors that connect together the many variations in biological processes, including transcriptional gene regulation, post-transcriptional gene silencing, translational gene silencing, apoptosis, meiosis, and antiviral defense. The utilization of small RNAs represents a specific, energy conserving, and fast mechanism of gene regulation via a core system known as RNA interference.