Abstract
Cerebrosides are a kind of important bioactive substance in sea cucumber. A novel cerebroside, AMC-2, was purified from the less-polar lipid fraction of the sea cucumber Acaudina molpadioides by repeated column chromatography. The major structure of AMC-2 was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectra. The amide-linked fatty acid unit was confirmed to be four saturated and monounsaturated α-hydroxy fatty acids, the long-chain base was dihydroxy sphingoid base with one double bond, and the glycosyl group was glucose. We also investigated the anti-fatty liver activity of AMC-2 in rats with fatty liver induced by orotic acid. AMC-2 significantly reduced hepatic triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels at a diet supplement of 0.03% and 0.006%. The indexes of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity and mRNA expression were significantly decreased by AMC-2. This indicates that AMC-2 ameliorated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through suppression of SCD activity and impaired the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids in the livers of the rats.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Administration, Oral
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Animals
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Cerebrosides / chemistry
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Cerebrosides / pharmacology*
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Cholesterol / analysis
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Cholesterol / biosynthesis
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Fatty Acids / metabolism
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Fatty Liver* / chemically induced
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Fatty Liver* / drug therapy
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Fatty Liver* / enzymology
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Fatty Liver* / pathology
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Fatty Liver* / physiopathology
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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
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Hypolipidemic Agents / chemistry
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Hypolipidemic Agents / pharmacology*
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Lipid Metabolism / drug effects*
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Liver / enzymology*
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Liver / pathology
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Liver / physiopathology
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Male
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Orotic Acid / administration & dosage
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Orotic Acid / adverse effects
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RNA, Messenger / analysis
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RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
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Rats
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Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Sea Cucumbers / chemistry*
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / genetics
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / metabolism*
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Tissue Extracts / chemistry
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Tissue Extracts / pharmacology*
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Triglycerides / analysis
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Triglycerides / biosynthesis
Substances
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Cerebrosides
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Fatty Acids
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Hypolipidemic Agents
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RNA, Messenger
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Tissue Extracts
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Triglycerides
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Orotic Acid
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Cholesterol
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Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase