Genetic framework for GATA factor function in vascular biology

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Aug 16;108(33):13641-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1108440108. Epub 2011 Aug 1.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial dysfunction underlies the genesis and progression of numerous diseases. Although the GATA transcription factor GATA-2 is expressed in endothelial cells and is implicated in coronary heart disease, it has been studied predominantly as a master regulator of hematopoiesis. Because many questions regarding GATA-2 function in the vascular biology realm remain unanswered, we used ChIP sequencing and loss-of-function strategies to define the GATA-2-instigated genetic network in human endothelial cells. In contrast to erythroid cells, GATA-2 occupied a unique target gene ensemble consisting of genes encoding key determinants of endothelial cell identity and inflammation. GATA-2-occupied sites characteristically contained motifs that bind activator protein-1 (AP-1), a pivotal regulator of inflammatory genes. GATA-2 frequently occupied the same chromatin sites as c-JUN and c-FOS, heterodimeric components of AP-1. Although all three components were required for maximal AP-1 target gene expression, GATA-2 was not required for AP-1 chromatin occupancy. GATA-2 conferred maximal phosphorylation of chromatin-bound c-JUN at Ser-73, which stimulates AP-1-dependent transactivation, in a chromosomal context-dependent manner. This work establishes a link between a GATA factor and inflammatory genes, mechanistic insights underlying GATA-2-AP-1 cooperativity and a rigorous genetic framework for understanding GATA-2 function in normal and pathophysiological vascular states.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chromatin / metabolism
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Endothelial Cells / physiology
  • Endothelium, Vascular / cytology*
  • Erythroid Cells
  • GATA2 Transcription Factor / genetics*
  • Gene Regulatory Networks*
  • Genes, fos
  • Genes, jun
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / genetics
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / genetics*

Substances

  • Chromatin
  • GATA2 Transcription Factor
  • Transcription Factor AP-1

Associated data

  • GEO/GSE29531