Introduction: Nephrolithiasis is com>mon and has a high rate of recurrence.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of the main metabolic and anatomical changes and the chemical analysis of stone found in patients with nephrolithiasis in the West region of Paraná.
Methods: Retrospective study with 681 adult patients with nephrolithiasis. The laboratory investigation included at least two samples of 24-hour urine test with doses of calcium, uric acid, citrate, oxalate, sodium and creatinine; qualitative cystinuria, urinary pH following 12-hour fast and water restriction, urine culture and chemical analysis, when the stones were available. Renal imaging techniques included at least renal ultrasound and excretory urogram.
Results: The metabolic changes most frequently found were: hypercalciuria (51.8%), hyperuricosuria (27.6%), and hypocitraturia (23.5%). Chemical analysis of stones showed calcium oxa late in 85.7% of the cases. The most frequently anatomical changes were renal cyst, duplicated ureter, and ureteropelvic junction obstruction.
Conclusions: This paper served as a base for knowing the characteristics of patients with nephrolithiasis in the West area of Paraná.