The category, number, date of writing, circulated copies and library collection situation of 12275 Japanese medical works before 1912 and 416 Korean medical works before 1910 were analyzed. Most of these medical books are clinical books, which reflected the emphasis on clinical practice and conclusions in the two countries. Japanese medical books were mainly completed between the 17 - 19th century and nearly all of them are conserved as copies, while in Korea the number is 39.6% and we don't know the time that more than half of Korean medical books were completed. The existing books in Japan are collected in more than 500 libraries, especially in 19 public and private libraries., such as Kyoto University Library, Tokyo University Library, Japan Library of Congress. In Korea, most of the books are conserved in Kyujanggak Institute for Korean Studies in Seoul National University. It is necessary for scholars of China, Japan and Korea to work together to study and utilize the ancient medical books of the three countries and to make them play a more important role in the development of Eastern traditional medicine.