In this article authors outline new techniques and prospects in invasive treatment in vertebrology with emphasis on interventional and semi invasive procedures and minimally invasive surgery for lumbar disc herniation. They describe new approaches in neuroablative procedures for back pain treatment, in spinal fixation and in surgical treatment of scoliosis. Authors also report methods of great expectations which are not yet in use in our clinical practice but are promising like reconstruction of nucleus pulposus by autologous chondrocytes transplantation. New methods in cervical spine surgery are also discussed. The efficacy of each surgical method is pointed out. Apart from being informative, together with the corresponding article on patophysiology, magnetic resonance imaging and conservative treatment, these articles considering recent developments can be used as an aid in decision making when approaching these patients.