Aims: To assess percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD) under real-time MRI-guidance and compare it to procedures performed under fluoroscopy.
Methods: We developed an in vitro model for MRI-guided and conventional PTCD, using an animal organ set including liver and bile ducts placed in an MRI-compatible box and tested it in a 1.0-Tesla open MRI-scanner. Prototype 18G needles and guide wires, standard guide wires, dilatation bougies, and drainages were used (MRI-compatible). MRI-visualization was by means of a bFFE real-time sequence using a surface coil (Flex-L). Outcome measurements were success rates and time needed for bile duct puncture using real-time MRI-guidance versus conventional radiologic methods in the model. Cannulation and drainage placement were also analysed.
Results: Fifty MRI-guided experiments were performed, leading to rapid (mean: 43s, range: 15-72s) and successful puncture and cannulation in 96% of procedures. Median drainage placement time was 321.5s (range: 241-411s). In 35 control experiments under fluoroscopy, puncture success was 69%, whereas times were significantly longer (mean 273s, range 45-631s).
Conclusions: Initial in vitro experience shows that PTCD can be successfully and rapidly performed under real-time MRI-guidance and demonstrates improved performance compared to the conventional radiologic approach.
Copyright © 2011 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.