Endoscopic banding for esophageal variceal bleeding: technique and patient outcome

Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2011 Jun;57(2):111-5.

Abstract

Aim: Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is recommended for the treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding. The aim of this study was to assess the most cost-effective timing of endoscopic follow-up after variceal eradication.

Methods: Cirrhotics with esophageal varices treated between January 2008 and January 2009 until reached variceal obliteration were retrospectively analyzed for technical aspects and for outcomes.

Results: Out of 127 patients treated with EVL, 103 were included. Number of sessions to achieve variceal obliteration and number of bands for each session were 2.8±1.3 (range 1-7) and 4.6±1 (range 2-7), respectively. The placement of >5 bands per session was not associated with higher incidence of complications (19.6% vs. 17.8%, P=ns). Esophageal ulcers were observed in 42% of patients when the interbanding interval was <20 days (versus 15% for interval >20 days, P<0.05). Once obliteration was achieved, varices reappeared in 28% of patients; the early appearance of small varices was not associated with bleeding.

Conclusion: A longer interbanding interval reduces the incidence of procedural-related complications. After variceal obliteration an early endoscopic control is not useful because it does not influence the approach and does not change the patient outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / complications
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / etiology
  • Esophageal and Gastric Varices / surgery*
  • Esophagoscopy* / methods
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Ligation / methods
  • Liver Cirrhosis / complications*
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome