Abstract
Whole tumor cell lysates can serve as excellent multivalent vaccines for priming tumor-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Whole cell vaccines can be prepared with hypochlorous acid oxidation, UVB-irradiation and repeat cycles of freeze and thaw. One major obstacle to successful immunotherapy is breaking self-tolerance to tumor antigens. Clinically approved adjuvants, including Montanide™ ISA-51 and 720, and keyhole-limpet proteins can be used to enhance tumor cell immunogenicity by stimulating both humoral and cellular anti-tumor responses. Other potential adjuvants, such as Toll-like receptor agonists (e.g., CpG, MPLA and PolyI:C), and cytokines (e.g., granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor), have also been investigated.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage*
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Antibody Formation / immunology
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Cancer Vaccines / immunology*
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Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Female
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / administration & dosage
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / immunology
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Hemocyanins / administration & dosage
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Hemocyanins / immunology
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Humans
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Immunotherapy / methods*
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Mannitol / administration & dosage
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Mannitol / analogs & derivatives
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Mannitol / immunology
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Oleic Acids / administration & dosage
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Oleic Acids / immunology
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Ovarian Neoplasms / immunology*
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Ovarian Neoplasms / therapy
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Toll-Like Receptors / agonists*
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Cancer Vaccines
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Oleic Acids
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Toll-Like Receptors
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montanide ISA 51
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mannide monooleate
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Mannitol
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Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
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Hemocyanins
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keyhole-limpet hemocyanin