Prostatic pain usually refers to male chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS), chronic abacterial prostatitis. It has a prevalence of 14% among Finnish men, and it is characterised by chronic pain in the pelvis, genital and inguinal area, lower abdomen and perineum, often accompanied by various urinary symptoms. The aetiology and pathophysiology of CPPS are poorly understood. Most likely, the aetiology is multifactorial and there is evidence of neuroinflammation in the development of the chronic pain associated with CPPS. Alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and possibly extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) are beneficial for treating CPPS. Antibiotics and antiinflammatory agents seem to be beneficial only in short-term treatment.