[Antioxidants and diabetes mellitus: review of the evidence]

Nutr Hosp. 2011 Jan-Feb;26(1):68-78.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Introduction: An increase in the oxidative stress and a decrease in the antioxidant levels have been described in diabetic patients, that have been related with the etiopathogenesis of diabetes and its chronic complications.

Methods: We performed a non-systematic review to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress and diabetes, and the possible effects of antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Results: The intervention studies including different antioxidants have not demonstrated any beneficial effect on cardiovascular and global morbimortality in different populations, including diabetic patients. Neither of these studies has demonstrated a beneficial effect of antioxidant supplementation on the prevention of diabetes. According to these studies, these substances can decrease lipid peroxidation, LDL-cholesterol particles oxidation and improve endothelial function and endothelial-dependent vasodilatation, without significant improvement in the metabolic control of these patients.

Conclusions: The current evidence does not support the use of high doses of antioxidants on the prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / metabolism*
  • Antioxidants / therapeutic use
  • Ascorbic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Diabetes Complications / prevention & control
  • Diabetes Mellitus / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / physiopathology
  • Diabetes Mellitus / prevention & control
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / epidemiology
  • Diabetic Cardiomyopathies / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Vitamin E / therapeutic use
  • Vitamins / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin E
  • Ascorbic Acid