Metal complex mediated conjugation of peptides to nucleus targeting acridine orange: a modular concept for dual-modality imaging agents

Bioconjug Chem. 2011 May 18;22(5):958-67. doi: 10.1021/bc2000269. Epub 2011 May 2.

Abstract

To target the nucleus of specific cells, trifunctional radiopharmaceuticals are required. We have synthesized acridine orange derivatives which comprise an imidazole-2-carbaldehyde function for coordination to the [Re(CO)₃](+) or [(99m)Tc(CO)₃](+) core. Upon coordination, this aldehyde is activated and rapidly forms imines with amines from biological molecules. This metal-mediated imine formation allows for the conjugation of a nuclear targeting portion with a specific cell receptor binding function directly on the metal. With this concept, we have conjugated the acridine orange part to a bombesin peptide directly on the (99m)Tc core and in one step. In addition, a linker containing an integrated disulfide has been coupled to bombesin. LC/MS study showed that the disulfide was reductively cleaved with a 60 min half-life time. This concept enables the combination of a nucleus targeting agent with a specific cell receptor molecule directly on the metal without the need of separate conjugation prior to labeling, thus, a modular approach. High uptake of the BBN conjugate into PC-3 cells was detected by fluorescence microscopy, whereas uptake into B16BL6 cells was negligible.

MeSH terms

  • Acridine Orange / chemistry*
  • Acridine Orange / metabolism*
  • Aldehydes / chemistry
  • Amines / chemical synthesis
  • Amines / chemistry
  • Bombesin / chemistry
  • Bombesin / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism*
  • Chromatography, Liquid
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Imidazoles / chemistry
  • Imines / chemical synthesis
  • Imines / chemistry
  • Male
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Metals / chemistry*
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry
  • Peptides / chemistry*
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / chemistry
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / metabolism
  • Rhenium / chemistry
  • Technetium Compounds / chemistry

Substances

  • Aldehydes
  • Amines
  • Imidazoles
  • Imines
  • Metals
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Peptides
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Technetium Compounds
  • triaquatricarbonyltechnetium(I)
  • Rhenium
  • Acridine Orange
  • Bombesin