Identification of metabolites from phenanthrene oxidation by phenoloxidases and dioxygenases of Polyporus sp. S133

J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Mar;21(3):299-304.

Abstract

Phenanthrene degradation by Polyporus sp. S133, a new phenanthrene-degrading strain, was investigated in this work. The analysis of degradation was performed by calculation of the remaining phenanthrene by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When cells were grown in phenanthrene culture after 92 h, all but 200 and 250 mg/l of the phenanthrene had been degraded. New metabolic pathways of phenanthrene and a better understanding of the phenoloxidases and dioxygenase mechanism involved in degradation of phenanthrene were explored in this research. The mechanism of degradation was determined through identification of the several metabolites; 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, 2,2'-diphenic acid, salicylic acid, and catechol. 9,10-Oxidation and ring cleavage to give 9,10-phenanthrenequinone is the major fate of phenanthrene in ligninolytic Polyporus sp. S133. The identification of 2,2'-diphenic acid in culture extracts indicates that phenanthrene was initially attacked through dioxigenation at C9 and C10 to give cis-9,10-dihydrodiol. Dehydrogenation of phenanthrene-cis-9,10-dihydrodiol to produce the corresponding diol, followed by ortho-cleavage of the oxygenated ring, produced 2,2'-diphenic acid. Several enzymes (manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, laccase, 1,2-dioxygenase, and 2,3-dioxygenase) produced by Polyporus sp. S133 was detected during the incubation. The highest level of activity was shown at 92 h of culture.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biotransformation
  • Biphenyl Compounds / analysis
  • Catechols / analysis
  • Dioxygenases / metabolism*
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase / metabolism*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Phenanthrenes / analysis
  • Phenanthrenes / metabolism*
  • Polyporus / enzymology*
  • Polyporus / metabolism*
  • Salicylic Acid / analysis
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Catechols
  • Phenanthrenes
  • 9,10-phenanthrenequinone
  • phenanthrene
  • Dioxygenases
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase
  • catechol
  • Salicylic Acid
  • diphenic acid