Potential antibiotic and anti-infective effects of rhodomyrtone from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. on Streptococcus pyogenes as revealed by proteomics

Phytomedicine. 2011 Aug 15;18(11):934-40. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.007. Epub 2011 Mar 25.

Abstract

Rhodomyrtone from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. leaf extract has a strong antibacterial activity against the bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. Our previous studies indicated that the bactericidal activity of rhodomyrtone might involve intracellular targets. In the present studies we followed a proteomics approach to investigate the mode of action of rhodomyrtone on S. pyogenes. For this purpose, S. pyogenes was cultivated in the presence of 0.39 μg/ml rhodomyrtone, which corresponds to 50% of the minimal inhibitory concentration. The results show that the amounts of various enzymes associated with important metabolic pathways were strongly affected, which is consistent with the growth-inhibiting effect of rhodomyrtone. Additionally, cells of S. pyogenes grown in the presence of rhodomyrtone produced reduced amounts of known virulence factors, such as the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, the CAMP factor, and the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin C. Taken together, these findings indicate that rhodomyrtone has both antimicrobial and anti-infective activities, which make it an interesting candidate drug.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / metabolism
  • Metabolic Networks and Pathways
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Myrtaceae / chemistry*
  • Peptide Mapping
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Proteomics*
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / drug effects*
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / growth & development
  • Virulence Factors / metabolism
  • Xanthones / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Plant Extracts
  • Virulence Factors
  • Xanthones
  • rhodomyrtone
  • Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases