Perchlorate removal using granular activated carbon supported iron compounds: synthesis, characterization and reactivity

J Environ Sci (China). 2010;22(11):1807-13. doi: 10.1016/s1001-0742(09)60323-5.

Abstract

Synthesis and use of the iron compounds supported on granular activated carbon (ICs/GAC) have shown significant environmental implications for perchlorate (ClO4-) removal. ICs/GAC was synthesized via hydrolyzing FeSO4 x 7H2O on GAC, reduced by NaBH4 solution in polyethylene glycol 6000 and ethanol solution, dried in vacuum condition and exposed to air. Synthesized ICs/GAC was characterized using transmission electron micrograph (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ICs/GAC was determined to be containing a large amount of FeOHSO4, Fe2O3 and a small amount of zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles according to TEM and XPS measurements. Batch static kinetic tests showed that 97% of ClO4- was removed within 10 hr at 90 degrees C and 86% of ClO4- was removed within 12 hr at 25 degrees C, at ICs/GAC dosage of 20 g/L. The experimental results also showed that FeOHSO4 and Fe2O3 nanoparticles have the function of perchlorate adsorption and play important roles in ClO4- removal. The activation energy (E(a)) was determined to be 9.56 kJ/mol.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Charcoal / chemistry*
  • Iron Compounds / chemical synthesis*
  • Iron Compounds / chemistry*
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Perchlorates / chemistry*
  • Perchlorates / isolation & purification*
  • Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Substances

  • Iron Compounds
  • Perchlorates
  • Charcoal
  • perchlorate