Phaeobotrys gen. nov., based on Phaeodactylium acutisporum, characterized by branched and pigmented conidiophores, and the production of hyaline, appendiculate conidia from denticles on polyblastic conidiogenous cells which usually extend sympodially to form more conidiogenous loci, and Zanclospora stellata sp. nov., recognized by its stellate sterile branches in the distal part of the conidiophore and bacilliform conidia, are described and illustrated from decaying leaf litter from Nigeria. Keys to Phaeobotrys and related genera, and to species of Zanclospora are proposed. Furthermore, a list of hyphomycetes newly reported for Nigeria is provided.