Role of GTP binding, isoprenylation, and the C-terminal α-helices in the inhibition of cell spreading by the interferon-induced GTPase, mouse guanylate-binding protein-2

J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2011 Mar;31(3):291-8. doi: 10.1089/jir.2010.0056. Epub 2010 Oct 15.

Abstract

Interferon-γ pre-exposure inhibits Rac activation by either integrin engagement or platelet-derived growth factor treatment. Interferon-γ does this by inducing expression of the large guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) mouse guanylate-binding protein (mGBP-2). Inhibiting Rac results in the retardation of cell spreading. Analysis of variants of mGBP-2 containing amino acid substitutions in the guanosine triphosphate (GTP) binding domain suggests that GTP binding, and possibly dimerization, of mGBP-2 is necessary to inhibit cell spreading. However, isoprenylation is also required. Removal of the N-terminal GTP-binding globular domain from mGBP-2 yields a protein with only the extended C-terminal α-helices that lacks enzymatic activity. The ability of the C-terminal α-helices alone to inhibit cell spreading suggests that this is the domain that interacts with the downstream effectors of mGBP-2. Interestingly, mGBP-2 can inhibit cell spreading whether it is geranylgeranylated or farnesylated. This study begins to define the properties of mGBP-2 responsible for inhibiting cell spreading.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Animals
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology*
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / genetics
  • Guanosine Triphosphate / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Interferon-gamma / genetics
  • Interferon-gamma / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mutation, Missense
  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / genetics
  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / immunology
  • Protein Prenylation / genetics
  • Protein Prenylation / immunology*
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins / immunology*

Substances

  • Platelet-Derived Growth Factor
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Guanosine Triphosphate
  • GTP-Binding Proteins
  • Gbp2 protein, mouse
  • rac GTP-Binding Proteins