Evaluation of longitudinal and radial left ventricular function by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in a large cohort of normal probands

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2011 Apr;27(4):515-26. doi: 10.1007/s10554-010-9716-y. Epub 2010 Oct 13.

Abstract

Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) is a novel tool to analyze left ventricular (LV) deformation in standard grey-scale images. The aim of our study was to characterize global and regional LV function by STE in a large cohort of healthy adult probands across a wide range of age. 144 healthy individuals (71 men, 73 women; mean age 42 ± 14 years, range: 17-80 years) who had undergone a standard echocardiographic examination were retrospectively investigated by STE. Longitudinal strain (LS) was measured in three apical views, and radial strain (RS) in a short-axis view at papillary muscle level. Averaged global LS was -20.6 ± 2.6%, and averaged RS 48.2 ± 13.8%. On a regional basis, LS showed an increase from base to apex (basal vs. mid vs. apical segments: -18.5 ± 2.7% vs. -19.9 ± 2.6% vs. -22.9 ± 4.5%; P < 0.001). RS increased with age (P < 0.05), while LS decreased in basal, and slightly increased in the apical segments. LS and RS decreased with body surface area and LV size (P < 0.05). In the longitudinal dimension about 38% of the segments showed some degree of systolic pre-stretching, with a higher likelihood in basal segments (P = 0.02 vs. mid and apical segments). In the radial dimension pre-stretching was even more frequent (60%). STE offers a simple and rapid method to measure regional myocardial deformation. Our results, based on a large cohort of normal probands covering a wide range of ages, may serve as reference for comparison with different disease entities.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Anthropometry
  • Body Height
  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Surface Area
  • Body Weight
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Cohort Studies
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color* / standards
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Germany
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Humans
  • Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Contraction*
  • Observer Variation
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Reference Values
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Ventricular Function, Left*
  • Young Adult