In 2008 hepatitis C surveillance system in Poland covered cases with clinical signs or elevated liver function tests, according to the European case definition as well as all newly detected cases (Polish case definition). In 2008 there were 2 353 new cases of symptomatic hepatitis C registered in Poland, with the incidence rate 6.17 per 100 000. The incidence rate decreased by 14.5% in comparison to 2007 (2753 new cases with the incidence 7.22). There were 155 deaths due to hepatitis C in 2008 in Poland including 5 deaths of acute and 150 of chronic hepatitis C. Similarly to the preceding years cities were more affected then rural areas (incidence respectively 7.7 and 3.8 per 100 000) and the incidence was higher in men (7.1) then in women (5.31). In 2008 the number of cases of newly detected HCV infections reported was 5 305, with rate of detecting HCV of 13.9 per 100 000 population. Comparing to 2007, the observed rate decreased by 48%. This significant decrease is most likely related to changes in surveillance and determines the necessity of careful monitoring of newly detected HCV infections during the following years. Hepatitis C remains a major problem of public health in Poland.