Published data on the association between ADIPOQ polymorphisms and type 2 diabetes are inconsistent. The present meta-analysis was performed to clarify the role of polymorphisms in proximal promoter region of ADIPOQ (rs17360539 and rs266729) in type 2 diabetes. The MEDLINE, EMBASE and Science Citation Index Expanded database were searched for eligible studies. Odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of association. The pooled ORs were performed for per-allele model (A/a) and others genetic models. A total of 10267 T2DM patients and 12837 controls was included in the meta-analysis. Overall the -11377G allele had an 8% elevated risk of T2DM compared to -11377C allele in all subjects (P=0.034, OR=1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.15). The -11391A allele showed no significant effect on T2DM risk in all subjects (P=0.240, OR=1.10, 95% CI 0.94-1.29) compared to -11391G allele. In the subgroup analyses by ethnicity, -11391A allele increased T2DM risk in European population (P=0.046, OR=1.09, 95% CI 1.00-1.09). In conclusion, the accumulated evidence suggested that the ADIPOQ -11377G allele is a low-penetrant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes, but -11391A is a risk factor only in European Caucasians.
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