Response of human fibroblasts to implant surface coated with titanium dioxide photocatalytic films

Abstract

Purpose: This study was to develop a titanium dioxide (TiO(2))-coated implant abutment, surface with ultraviolet (UV) light-induced hydrophilicity and investigate the initial response of human, fibroblasts to the surface modification.

Materials and methods: Commercially pure titanium (JIS 2 grade) disks were coated with TiO(2) to various, thicknesses (1, 2 or 3 μm) using peroxotitanium acid solution. The surface characteristics of each disk, were examined with X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface roughness equipment and scanning electron, microscopy (SEM). The hydrophilic change of each disk was determined by the contact angles at 0-24h, after 24-h UV irradiation. The biological response at the surface of each disk was examined by using, human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs). The data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple-comparison tests.

Results: The TiO(2)-coated disk surface had an anatase structure. Surface roughness did not differ, significantly among the disks; the surface morphology was smooth and had a hydrophilic or superhydrophilic, status. HPLF proliferation significantly increased on the TiO(2)-coated disks compared with the uncoated disks and depended upon the coated film thickness.

Conclusion: An anatase TiO(2)-coated surface under UV irradiation markedly improves the initial response of human fibroblasts.