Micro-Raman characterization of Zn-diffused channel waveguides in Tm(3+):LiNbO(3)

Opt Express. 2010 Mar 15;18(6):5449-58. doi: 10.1364/OE.18.005449.

Abstract

In this work micro-Raman scattering experiments have been performed in LiNbO(3):Tm(3+) samples with waveguides fabricated by Zn(2+) in-diffusion. The results shown that Zn(2+) ions enter the lattice in Li(+) sites, but also in interstitial positions. This produces a compaction of the lattice close to the surface of the sample, generating the waveguide. It is shown that this region is surrounded by a different area in which the lattice is relaxed to recover the characteristic lattice parameters of LiNbO(3):Tm(3+).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Equipment Design
  • Equipment Failure Analysis
  • Niobium / chemistry*
  • Oxides / chemistry*
  • Refractometry / instrumentation*
  • Refractometry / methods*
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman / instrumentation*
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman / methods*
  • Zinc / chemistry*

Substances

  • Oxides
  • Niobium
  • lithium niobate
  • Zinc