A Novel Synthesis of 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyrazoles through a Spiro-pyrazoline Intermediate via a Tandem 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition/Elimination

Tetrahedron Lett. 2009 Jan 21;50(3):291. doi: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.10.145.

Abstract

The syntheses of an important class of hitherto unreported 1,3,5-pyrazoles, inspired by an unanticipated eliminatory ring opening are described. The reported pyrazole compounds were constructed through the Huisgen cyclization of 2-methylene-1,3,3-trimethylindoline and an in situ generated nitrile imine. The newly formed spiro-pyrazoline intermediate presumably then undergoes a ring opening/elimination process to afford a pyrazole, as evidenced by single X-ray crystal data. The current report constitutes the first formal observation of this kind of ring opening involving a spiro-pyrazoline intermediate.