This article provides background information on the pharmacokinetics of antibacterial agents in patients who have normal and impaired renal function. Tables are provided to allow quick determination of appropriate dosages for varying degrees of renal failure. The use of serum levels; newer strategies for cefazolin, vancomycin and aminoglycoside dosing; methods of dialysis and associated antibiotics dosage adjustments, and antibiotic toxicity in renal failure are reviewed.