Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter placement is performed by surgeons, interventional radiologists, and interventional nephrologists. Catheter insertion is accomplished through various methods including open surgical technique and laparoscopic, peritoneoscopic, and fluoroscopic guidance. Complication rates and catheter survival can vary based on the insertion technique used. Recently, nephrologists have made significant advances in the area of peritoneal dialysis catheter design and placement. Current data suggest that nephrologists are increasingly placing PD catheters using peritoneoscopic and fluoroscopic technique. This review focuses on peritoneoscopic and fluoroscopic insertion and highlights the advantages of catheter insertion by nephrologists.