Acute and subchronic toxicity of arsenite and zinc to tadpoles of Rhinella arenarum both alone and in combination

J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2009;72(14):884-90. doi: 10.1080/15287390902959524.

Abstract

The current study evaluated acute and subchronic toxicity of arsenite (As(3+)) and zinc (Zn(2+)) to stage 25 tadpoles of Rhinella arenarum in both single and joint laboratory exposures. LC50 values obtained for As(3+) were elevated and remained within the range of 46 to 50 mg/L of As(3+) between 4 and 17 d of exposure. Growth of tadpoles was completely inhibited with 30 mg/L of As(3+), demonstrating the presence of ecologically relevant sublethal effects at concentrations lower than those resulting in lethality. With respect to Zn(2+), a 96-h LC50 value of 2.49 mg/L was calculated in soft water. Contrary to results obtained for As(3+), LC50 values of Zn(2+) gradually decreased with increasing exposure duration, from 2.49 mg/L at 96 h to 1.30 mg/L after 21 d. In joint exposures to both metals, the type of interaction observed between As(3+) and Zn(2+) was concentration dependent. Lethal effects of As(3+) were mitigated, unaffected, or potentiated by 0.01, 0.1, and 1-2 mg/L of Zn(2+), respectively. However, although 0.01 mg/L of Zn(2+) significantly reduced lethality of As(3+)-exposed tadpoles, the same concentration of Zn(2+) did not help to reverse the stunt growth of these animals. Further studies need to examine which are the lowest concentrations As(3+) required to reduce growth and whether Zn(2+) serves to antagonize growth effects in this range of concentrations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arsenites / administration & dosage*
  • Arsenites / toxicity*
  • Bufonidae*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Environmental Pollutants / administration & dosage
  • Environmental Pollutants / toxicity
  • Larva / drug effects
  • Longevity
  • Zinc / administration & dosage*
  • Zinc / toxicity*

Substances

  • Arsenites
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Zinc
  • arsenite