Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent neoplasms in our environment. Because of its characteristics, this disease is suitable for populational screening. However, the best procedure for screening for colorectal cancer in the population at intermediate risk has not been well defined. The present article discusses the most important advances in colorectal cancer screening presented in the meeting of the American Gastroenterological Association, with special emphasis on studies comparing different strategies. Advances in screening and surveillance of the population at high risk are also reviewed.